Buddhism Is Rooted And Founded - 1586 Words

Majority of people think that religion is rooted and founded in what people believe. In the case of Buddhism, it is understood that it originated from the Indian systems of life. In the process of their trading activities, the Arab traders made it possible for the religion to spread to the other nations such as Japan and China. It is also important that the Buddhist faith originated from Buddha. Essentially, the adherents of this faith confirm that the life got by and experiences braved by Buddha serves as the guides to their present and future lives. For instance, nevertheless Buddha’s skinny nature, it is understood that he managed to reach enlightenment by fasting. He was the prince of a North Indian Tribe. It also suffices to insist that Buddhism is a happy religion based on the fact that no matter how harsh the challenges that Buddha went through, he was always happy. Generally, during his time, Buddha taught his people about the need to conduct themselves in the informed and enlightened ways. In fact, the Hinayana and Mahayana Buddhism are considered as the major groups that make up the religion. As far as the values of early Buddhism are concerned, it is important to remember that the four noble truths are based on trishna, dukhka, and nirvana. Fundamentally, trishna implies that suffering is part of life. For this reason, it is justifiable to affirm that three noble truths meant to affirm the Buddhists that pain was an essential aspect of life. Concerning about theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Buddhism1176 Words   |  5 PagesBuddhism Buddhism is the great oriental religion founded by Guatama Buddha, who lived and taught in India in the sixth century BC All Buddhists trace their faith to Buddha and revere his person (Frederic 15). Nearly all types of Buddhism include monastic orders whose members serve as teachers and clergy to the lay community (Maraldo 19). However, beyond these common features the numerous sects of modern Buddhism exhibit great variety in their beliefs and practices. In its oldest surviving formRead MoreHinduism And Taoism1301 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious views of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Taoism. Hinduism, one of the oldest religions refers to the collection of faiths and originated in India. Hinduism was brought to India by nomadic people thousands of years ago and is a polytheistic system with various gods and goddesses as well as lesser deities. Hinduism is related to Buddhism because many early ideas found in Hinduism influenced the Buddhist teachings. Founded in the fifth century by Gautama Siddhartha Buddha, Buddhism took on numerous formsRead MoreThe Teachings Of Buddhism And The Buddha Essay1418 Words   |  6 Pages Buddhism is a very prominent religion followed by hundreds of millions of people worldwide. It was founded Gautama Buddha, who is also known as the Buddha or Siddhartha Gautama. The Buddha has 3 names much like there are 3 types of Buddhism. The different types of Buddhism are Theravada, Mahayana, and Pure Land. Though there are multiple schools of Buddhism, they all follow the teachings of the Buddha. Two of the main teachings of the Buddha are known as the Four Noble Truths and the Noble EightfoldRead MoreBuddhism : The Four Noble Truths, The Eightfold Path, And The Idea Of The Attainment Of Nirvana921 Words   |  4 PagesBuddhism is an important philosophical tradition because it focuses on how each of us can be a better person, and to reach our best potential through three key cornerstones: The Four Noble Truths, The Eightfold Path, and the idea of the attainment of Nirvana. Siddhartha Gautama, who was the son of a very wealthy regional king of the Sakyas, founded Buddhism about 2500 years ago. In order to help him to reach his prophesized goal of being a â€Å"Chakravartin† or Universal King of India, his father keptRead MoreEssay on Following in the Ways of Zen Buddhism1396 Words   |  6 PagesFollowing in the Ways of Zen Buddhism I fell in love with the first Buddhist I ever met. That is to say I fell in love with a man who is a Buddhist. I, however, am not a Buddhist. I have faith in what I find to be right rather than committing to a religion that I would not wholeheartedly believe in. It would seem that a difference in our spiritual practices may be a strain on our relationship, but in truth our faith lies in similar areas. The biggest difference between us is thatRead MoreReligion: Gender Inequality1395 Words   |  6 Pagesbased on the concepts of original religion but through cultural influence and social manipulation. The essence of Buddhism originated from a human being (known as Buddha). And Buddha is the one who achieved the highest enlightenment. Often in Buddhism concept, there was confusion about how much devotion is required to achieve the great â€Å"Enlightenment† for monk or nun. Women in the Buddhism face much more challenges to become enlightened. Throughout the essay, I will be focusing on how in Buddhist womanRead MoreHealth Care Provider and Faith Diversity1394 Words   |  6 Pagesthree religions that will be discussed are Sikhism, Shintoism, and Buddhism. This writer will also compare these faiths to the Christian philosophy of faith and healing. Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity The first of three religions that will be discussed is Sikhism. There are twenty million Sikhs in the world and is the world’s fifth largest religion (Queensland Health, 2011). The religion was founded in the sixteenth century in the Punjab region of India (QueenslandRead MoreBuddhism in Ancient Korea: The Impact1586 Words   |  6 PagesShamanism, Daoism, and Confucianism, and Buddhism. Buddhism is the religion that changed the society of Korea the most in the ancient times. As Buddhism spread in Korea, great inventions were made, the power hold of Korea started leaning the religion, and the social beliefs changed. These changes had positive results in Korea, and helped Korea to become a proud country. Just like many other religions, it has have effect and it still has effect on many cultures. Buddhism is the religion that affected ancientRead MoreEastern Religion Philosophy of Care1740 Words   |  7 Pagesplace free of suffering, according to Buddhism). The Eastern religi ons and philosophies all give varying accounts of karma, samsara, moksha, and nirvana.This paper will examine Sikhism, Buddhism, and Hinduism, analyze their belief systems, and show how they compare and contrast with one another and with Christianity. Sikhism Sikhism was founded at the beginning of the 16th century in Punjab by Guru Nanak. His philosophy was similar to that of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. Nanak observed the wayRead MoreMajor Religions Matrix805 Words   |  4 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material Major Religions of the World Matrix Complete the matrix using your textbook and outside references. | |Buddhism |Christianity |Hinduism |Islam |Judaism |Taoism and Confucianism | |Key tenets |1. The nature of suffering. |1. A belief in God - the |1. Belief in a Supreme God |Five Pillars: |1. Belief in the existence

The Effects Of Caregiving On Stress And Immune Function

Caregiving In addition to disasters, chronic stress can also arise from changes in employment, social relationships, or financial condition. One well-accepted model of chronic stress is the burden of providing long-term care for someone with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia. Learning, memory, and cognitive function progressively decline in these patients, sometimes even to the point that the patient may no longer recognize his or her spouse. Many Alzheimer’s patients require constant care for years before they die. From the time of diagnosis, about half of the patients live for another seven to eight years, which creates a tremendous amount of strain on the caregiver who watches a loved one continue to deteriorate. Caregiving also makes it difficult to establish or continue supportive social relationships outside of the home and may create changes in employment or financial status. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser and her colleagues (1991) studied the effects of caregiving on stress and immune function and found that caregivers were more depressed and had poorer immune function than a control group of people with similar age, sex, and martial status. The effect of chronic stress on the immune system also likely accounted for why caregivers were also less likely to produce a sufficient number of antibodies to protect them against the flu virus after receiving a flu vaccination (Kiecolt-Glaser, Glaser, Gravenstein, Malarkey, Sheridan, 1996). Marriage Although beingShow MoreRelatedCaregiver Stress Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesASC 4126 – The AIDS Pandemic Caregiver Stress Caregivers are those people who provide assistance to other people who are unable to perform certain activities on their own because of a physical disability or chronic illness. Formal care can be obtained at home, or from institutions such as nursing homes, and is offered by trained, paid or volunteer professional caregivers. However, informal care, which is usually offered by family members or friends, often in a home setting, is becomingRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On The Body3325 Words   |  14 PagesMerely Managing Our Stress Enough? This report addresses the topic of stress and how we manage it in our daily lives. We are hoping others will be influenced to consider looking at stress a new way. This report has enabled us to gain further knowledge and a fresh perspective on stress. Many different aspects regarding stress, its effects on the body, how to manage it, and new ways to think of stress are included. There are many different variables to consider regarding stress. Our research has allowedRead MoreMiddle Adulthood as a Twentieth Century Phenomenon in Western Culture1727 Words   |  7 Pagesthere are vast changes in many areas of their lives. Stress is anything that causes a change in your body. The most obvious changes related to lifestyle in middle-adulthood include: physical development and health, marital status, family, career and finances and self-concept. Stress is a natural part of living, but too much stress can cause illness and increase the risk of death. In order to maintain a proper level of stress, adults must rely more on knowledge and insight toRead MoreMindfulness Training For Carers Of People With Dementia1931 Words   |  8 PagesMindfulness training for carers of people with dementia; impact on carers’ wellbeing Introduction This essay explores explores evidence of how caring for people with dementia (PwD) might have detrimental effects on a carers’ physiological and psychological wellbeing. It describes reviews the practice of mindfulness, and its potential health benefits,; and examines considers literature which argues which evaluates the impact of mindfulness training has a positive, therapeutic impact on the wellbeingRead MoreAlzheimers Disease3170 Words   |  13 PagesThe Role of Caregiving to Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Megan Zann April 27, 2012 Health Psychology Dr. Ackerman Introduction It is normal to periodically forget your keys or a homework assignment, because you generally remember these things later. However, individuals who suffer from Alzheimer’s disease may forget things more often, but they do not remember them again. The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease has dramatically increased because people are living longer. This is a result ofRead MoreEssay on Basic Concepts in Attachment Theory2804 Words   |  12 Pagesstudy of adult children whose parents were institutionalized, Crispi, Schiaffino, and Berman 1997[pic] found that childrens attachment style predicted aspects of their well-being. Specifically, a secure attachment style was associated with less caregiving difficulty and less psychiatric symptomatology. Another study of children whose parents were in nursing homes found that childrens attachment was related to parent mood (Pruchno, Peters, Kleban, and Burant 1994[pic]). Attachments were less intenseRead MoreChild Neglect Is A Type Of Maltreatment1914 Words   |  8 Pagessevere neglect in an institutional setting- either orphanages or transitional care where infants and children are being exposed to a new person every 8 hours (or shift) and not receiving the proper stimulation therefore constantly being in a state of stress. There are also five commonly recognized categories of neglect that break down the type even further (Acts of Omission, 2012). Physical neglect can account for abandoning the child or not providing for the child’s basic needs. This can be extremelyRead MoreThe American Psychological Association4036 Words   |  17 Pagesexert adverse effects on neuropsychological functioning in childhood and adolescence has been understudied† (p.438). Furthermore, low socioeconomic status population have a high risk level of prenatal care due to the lack of health care, bad nutrition, the use of Tabaco, alcohol, drugs, and high levels of stress caused by their environments which can affect the fetus development and can have complications at birth. LP infants can develop respiratory diseases, hearts diseases, immune diseases, andRead MoreWhat Does Biopsychosocial Means?4569 Words   |  19 Pagesexert adverse effects on neuropsychological functioning in childhood and adolescence has been understudied† (p.438). Furthermore, low socioeconomic status population have a high risk level of prenatal care due to the lack of health care, bad nutrition, the use of Tabaco, alcohol, drugs, and high levels of stress caused by their environments which can affect the fetus development and can have complications at birth. LP infants can develop respiratory diseases, hearts diseases, immune diseases, retardationRead MorePagbabago Ng Klima8154 Words   |  33 Pagespredicted to affect 1 in 85 people globally by 2050. Although Alzheimers disease develops differently for every individual, there are many common symptoms. Early symptoms are often mistakenly thought to be age-related concerns, or manifestations of stress. In the early stages, the most common symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. When AD is suspected, the diagnosis is usually confirmed with tests that evaluate behavior and thinking abilities, often followed by a brain scan if available

Puritan Society in Winthrops Free Essays

In his work â€Å"Remembering John Winthrop- Hawthorne’s Suggestion† Matthew Holland calls John Winthrop powerful but unclear, well-liked and despised, completely unwanted by some while other energetically fight traditionalists to make him an image of ideal. The author finds very strange the fact that being a critic of Puritanism, Nathaniel Hawthorn turns our attentions to Winthrop’s ideas of charity (Holland 1). According to Holland, The Scarlet Letter testifies that Hawthorne was not at the Puritans’ side and did not consider their values to be right. We will write a custom essay sample on Puritan Society in Winthrops or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since Winthrop is primarily connected with the origin and propagation of Puritan ideas, it is not possible that Hawthorne could not consider him to be deserved an honor. Notwithstanding that Winthrop’s own use of ideology of Christian love can influence Hawthorne’s attitude positively, this can’t overshadow the excessively cruel social arrangement Winthrop created (Holland 12). Holland states that Hawthorne simply considered Winthrop to be a normally righteous exclusion to a Puritanism that generates just wickedness and tyranny. However, Hawthorne noted that Winthrop was an outstanding person way, a leader of his age, elected by his contemporaries and reelected for several times. Trepanier, Lee. â€Å"The need for Renewal: Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Conservatism. † Modern Age, Fall 2003, Vol. 45. Academic Search Elite. EBSCOhost. 1 March 2007. In â€Å"The need for Renewal: Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Conservatism† Lee Trepanier describes Hawthorne’s attempts to renovate the Puritan heritage by means of art (Trepanier 200) . The author tries to explain to us the final breakdown of Hawthorne’s artistic and sacred views and tries to find out how actual breakdown influenced our evaluation of Puritan heritage. According to Lee Trepanier, The Scarlet Letter is usually understood as a story of morality, where the traditions of Puritanism and defenselessness of people are perfectly represented. However, the author explains the way how to fight with defenselessness stating â€Å"life is strictly a function of ‘mechanism; and that having knowledge of the mechanism is to have power over life itself† (317). Michaelsen, Scott. â€Å"John Winthrop’s ‘Modell’ Covenant and the Company Way. † Early American Literature, 1992: 85-100 Scott Michaelsen reminds the reader that straight after their coming to the New England to create a new civilization founded on the Calvinism, Puritans were perceived as cultured, hard-working and established. Today their influence is the New England are to coming to naught, it is heritage still is felt in the society (Michaelsen 10). The author told us that American leaders of the past century cite John Winthrop. However, they sometimes overlook his anti- sovereign political theory. Michaelsen explains, that Winthrop’s creations – and A Model of Christian Charity is one of them – were not well-liked by his contemporaries, due to the reason that the he did not create any new values of Puritanism and simply talked about the ideas developed by someone else earlier (Michaelsen 60). Winthrop stated that real pure feeling was present only before the sin of Adam and Eve, while the modern imperfect society needs charity preservation. According to him, such qualities as forgiveness and fairness play more important role than love in our society today. However, the author argues that people must know their obligations and be merciless to one another (Michaelsen 91). People are commonly upset because of the severity of Winthrop’s viewpoint. This state is generated by reading some literature of Winthrop’s supposition connected with the power of patriarchy and the live of women in the Puritan society. It is essential to note how our modern ideas about what is right and wrong can occasionally differ from those in the society Winthrop lived in. Schweitzer, Ivy. John Winthrop’s Model of American Affiliation. Early American Literature, 2005: 441-69 In his article the Schweitzer provides the John Winthrop’s work and values evaluation. According to the author of the article Ivy Schweitzer lately, researchers started to investigate the Age of Reason’s veneration of and devotion to composed motivation, and to discuss the ‘‘emotional history of the United States’’ (441). Schweister states that In his study of early American influence, the author Peter Coviello says that the population appears under the influence the oratory of its main leaders through the tactical expression of powerful feelings of failure and parting that make a very contrasting and extensively alienated colonial population to unite (Schweitzer 442). According to Schweister, this not just paves the way and creates the political establishment of the new nationality however it develops the ability for emotional reaction as a precondition for â€Å"virtuous republican citizenship† (441). How to cite Puritan Society in Winthrops, Papers

War on terrorism Essay Example For Students

War on terrorism Essay Sept. 16 around 9:00 a.m. on Tuesday and 1 World Trade Center had just been hit by a Boeing 767 passenger jet. Mayor Joe Lhota and other people were going to 7 World Trade Center just across the plaza from the Twin Towers. There, on the 23rd floor, was the citys Emergency Command Center, a state-of-the-art $15 million facility designed to serve as the citys nerve center whenever disaster would strike. Three years ago, when plans for the command center were reported, the project was widely put down a testament, the critics jeered, to the Mayor . Now, there wasnt anything the city needed more. The only problem was the facilitys area to the disaster site was about to render it utterly useless. Pakistans going to send a group of high-ranking military officers to Afghanistan on Monday to demand that the Taliban government give the accused terrorist Osama bin Laden and his top associates to the United States or face almost certain American military action. The groups going to be led by Gen. Faiz Gilani, one of the top people in Pakistans military intelligence. Pakistans president, Gen. Pervez Musharraf, agreed to give the ultimatum after days of intensive discussions between American and Pakistani people. i hope that nothing like that will ever happen again,but if it ever does i hope the u.s. will be ready. i dont think bin laden will ever try something again now that we are at war with him. i think he has learned his lesson. people say that bin laden is behind the spreading of anthrax in the u.s.,but i dont think so, he is to busy running from us in the war. Words/ Pages : 279 / 24

Broadcasting as an Institution Essay Example

Broadcasting as an Institution Paper As the technology evolves over time so as the form of communication and the transfer of message from one place to another, so as the increase in demand for production and the desire to go beyond what was achieved. One of the innovations that were created by the flourishing technology in the twentieth century was broadcasting. It serves as a new way for different people in different places receive a single message. This paper would first look into the history of broadcasting, the role of broadcasting as an institutional framework, defining some key terms, the audience as market vs. the audience as public Broadcasting started out with the radio programs that have become a form of entertainment and a source of information during the 1930’s and 1940’s. Upon the invention of television, greater audiences have been able to see a performance that was conducted in the same way simultaneously in different areas. This gave broadcasting a break that means more than just advertisement. It was popularized and was received by greater and hungry audiences. The Role of Broadcasting Broadcasting is not plainly about giving information or â€Å"serving† the audience. The broadcasting framework is not a free enterprise; rather, it is a market fueled institution. It generates money in able to produce shows and programs that then inform or entertain the audience. According to Shaun Moores in his book Media and Everyday Life in Society, Broadcasting is a form of â€Å"industry for the production of ‘symbolic goods’ that can be found on ‘cultural production’ illustrated by professional performance and market relations. In this view broadcasting is a cultural production. We will write a custom essay sample on Broadcasting as an Institution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Broadcasting as an Institution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Broadcasting as an Institution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer On another view, this time, by Claus-Dieter Rath (1985, as quoted in Moore, 2000, pp.15), broadcasting is called â€Å"an institution in everyday life†, it is thus a part of the society that affects our everyday life. (Moores, 2000, pp. 12) The Audience As far as we can see, there is a direct impact from the understanding of the institutional framework of broadcasting to the audience. Janice Radway (1988, as quoted in Moore p. 15) through her research found that it is a word that was solely use to mean an â€Å"individual face-to-face vocal interaction†. It is differentiated from the word â€Å"mass† that was use to denote a large and indefinite quantity with unknown boundaries. According to her it is more appropriate to use the term â€Å"audiences† to refer to several groups of individual of different culture and tradition than using the words mass and audience. Mass audiences refer to the â€Å"large scale reception of a single performance†. (McQuail, 1997, pp. 5) Broadcasting as an Institutional Framework The importance of understanding the institutional framework of broadcasting when analyzing how audience are address lies on the role of the institution and the audiences themselves. If for a fact the institution is a cultural production, then we will find that it is all about, consumers, producers, manufacturers, in short, it is all about money-making and audiences are therefore seen as a market. On the other hand, if one would insist that broadcasting is actually a social everyday experience in which humans are bounded by common information and culture, then audiences are rendered as a public that has to be served. According to Williams, (1991 as quoted in Ang, pp.28) the constitution of broadcast institutions is â€Å"paternal† in a sense that it has an ‘authoritarian system which has values and purposes maintained by its own use of power’. Having this in mind we are able to see the institution as a force that dictates cultural preferences. In this view the broadcasting network cater their programs to what the audiences have or ought to want. The audiences are treated as market or as consumers from which profit can be maximize through appealing to their taste.

A Guide on How to Use Adverbial Clauses of Time

A Guide on How to Use Adverbial Clauses of Time Adverb clauses provide additional information about how something is done. They are much like adverbs in that they tell the reader when, why or how someone did something. All clauses contain a subject and a verb, adverb clauses are introduced by subordinating conjunctions. For example, Tom helped the student with the homework because he didnt understand the exercise. ... because he didnt understand the exercise explains why Tom helped and is an adverb clause. Begin by studying adverb clauses which are often called time clauses in English grammar books and follow specific patterns.   Punctuation When an adverb clause begins the sentence, use a comma to separate the two clauses. Example: As soon as he arrives, we will have some lunch. When the adverb clause finishes the sentence, there is no need for a comma. Example: He gave me a call when he arrived in town. Adverb Clauses with Time When: He was talking on the phone when I arrived.When she called, he had already eaten lunch.I washed the dishes when my daughter fell asleep.Well go to lunch when you come to visit. When means at that moment, at that time, etc.. Notice the different tenses used in relation to the clause beginning with when. It is important to remember that when takes either the simple past OR the present - the dependent clause changes tense in relation to the when clause. Before: We will finish before he arrives.She (had) left before I telephoned. Before means before that moment. It is important to remember that before takes either the simple past OR the present. After: We will finish after he comes.She ate after I (had) left. After means after that moment. It is important to remember that after takes the present for future events and the past OR past perfect for past events. While, as: She began cooking while I was finishing my homework.As I was finishing my homework, she began cooking. While and as are both usually used with the past continuous because the meaning of during that time  indicates an action in progress. By the time: By the time he finished, I had cooked dinner.We will have finished our homework by the time they arrive. By the time expresses the idea that one event has been completed before another. It is important to notice the use of the past perfect for past events and future perfect for future events in the main clause. This is because of the idea of something happening up to another point in time. Until, till: We waited until he finished his homework.Ill wait until you finish. Until and till express up to that time. We use either the simple present or simple past with until and till. Till is usually only used in spoken English. Since: I have played tennis since I was a young boy.They have worked here since 1987. Since means from that time. We use the present perfect (continuous) with since. Since can also be used with a specific point in time. As soon as: He will let us know as soon as he decides (or as soon as he has decided).As soon as I hear from Tom, I will give you a telephone call. As soon as means when something happens - immediately afterward. As soon as is very similar to when it emphasizes that the event will occur immediately after the other. We usually use the simple present for future events, although present perfect can also be used. Whenever, every time: Whenever he comes, we go to have lunch at Dicks.We take a hike every time he visits. Whenever and every time mean each time something happens. We use the simple present (or the simple past in the past) because whenever and every time express habitual action. The first, second, third, fourth, etc., next, last time: The first time I went to New York, I was intimidated by the city.I saw Jack the last time I went to San Francisco.The second time I played tennis, I began to have fun. The first, second, third, fourth, etc., next, last time means that specific time. We can use these forms to be more specific about which time of a number of times something happened. Adverb  Clauses Showing Opposition These type of clauses show an unexpected or non-self-evident result based on the dependent clause. Example:  He bought the car even though it was expensive. Take a look at the chart below to study the various usages of adverb clauses showing opposition. Punctuation: When an adverb clause begins the sentence use a comma to separate the two clauses. Example:  Even though it was expensive, he bought the car. When the adverb clause finishes the sentence there is no need for a comma. Example:  He bought the car even though it was expensive. Even though, though, although: Even though it was expensive, he bought the car.Though he loves doughnuts, he has given them up for his diet.Although the course was difficult, he passed with the highest marks. Notice how though, even though or although show a situation which is contrary to the main clause to express opposition. Even though, though and although are all synonyms. Whereas, while: Whereas you have lots of time to do your homework, I have very little time indeed.Mary is rich, while I am poor. Whereas and while show clauses in direct opposition to each other. Notice that you should always use a comma with whereas and while. Using Adverb Clauses to Express Conditions These type of clauses are often called if clauses in English grammar books and follow conditional  sentence patterns. Take a look at the chart below to study the various usage of different time expressions. Punctuation: When an adverb clause begins the sentence use a comma to separate the two clauses. Example:  If he comes, we will have some lunch.. When the adverb clause finishes the sentence there is no need for a comma. Example:  He would have invited me if he had known. If: If we win, well go to Kellys to celebrate!She would buy a house, if she had enough money. If clauses express the conditions necessary for the result. If clauses are followed by expected results based on the condition. Even if: Even if she saves a lot, she wont be able to afford that house. In contrast to sentences with if sentences with even if show a result that is unexpected based on the condition in the even if clause.  Example:  COMPARE: If she studies hard, she will pass the exam AND Even if she studies hard, she wont pass the exam. Whether or not: They wont be able to come whether or not they have enough money.Whether they have money or not, they wont be able to come. Whether or not expresses the idea that neither one condition or another matters; the result will be the same. Notice the possibility of inversion (Whether they have money or not) with whether or not. Unless: Unless she hurries up, we wont arrive in time.We wont go unless he arrives soon. Unless expresses the idea of if not  Example:  Unless she hurries up, we wont arrive in time. MEANS THE SAME AS: If she doesnt hurry up, we wont arrive in time.  Unless is only used in the first conditional. In case (that), in the event (that): In the case you need me, Ill be at Toms.Ill be studying upstairs in the event he calls. In case and in the event usually mean that you dont expect something to happen, but if it does... Both are used primarily for future events. Only if: Well give you your bicycle only if you do well on your exams.Only if you do well on your exams will we give you your bicycle. Only if means only in the case that something happens - and only if. This form basically means the same as if. However, it does stress the condition for the result. Note that when only if begins the sentence you need to invert the main clause. Adverb Clauses with Expressions of Cause and Effect These type of clauses explain the reasons for what happens in the main clause.  Example:  He bought a new home because he got a better job. Take a look at the chart below to study the various usages of different expressions of cause and effect. Note that all of these expressions are synonyms of because. Punctuation: When an adverb clause begins the sentence use a comma to separate the two clauses.  Example:  Because he had to work late, we had dinner after nine oclock.. When the adverb clause finishes the sentence there is no need for a comma.  Example:  We had dinner after nine oclock because he had to work late. Adverb Clauses of Cause and Effect Because: They received a high mark on their exam because they had studied hard.Im studying hard because I want to pass my exam.He works a lot of overtime because his rent is so expensive Notice how because can be used with a variety of tenses based on the time relationship between the two clauses. Since: Since he loves music so much, he decided to go to a conservatory.They had to leave early since their train left at 8.30. Since means the same as because. Since tends to be used in more informal spoken English.  Important note:  Since when used as a conjunction is typically used to refer to a period of time, while because implies a cause or reason. As long as: As long as you have the time, why dont you come for dinner? As long as means the same as because. As long as tends to be used in more informal spoken English. As: As the test is difficult, you had better get some sleep. As means the same as because. As tends to be used in more formal, written English. Inasmuch as: Inasmuch as the students had successfully completed their exams, their parents rewarded their efforts by giving them a trip to Paris. Inasmuch as means the same as because. Inasmuch as is used in very formal, written English. Due to the fact that: We will be staying for an extra week due to the fact that we have  not yet finished. Due to the fact that means the same as because. Due to the fact that is generally used in very formal, written English.

Laziness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Laziness - Essay Example It may manifest as an unmotivated individual, unreasonable expectations of entitlement, procrastination, manipulation, or simply not doing what should be done. Society is impacted by disrupted production schedules, co-worker animosity, missed work, and the eventual firing of the lazy person. This paper will review some of the current literature in regards to laziness and report the findings as to the cause, effects, and implications of laziness. While there are significant differences in the self-perception of procrastinators and non-procrastinators, research has not shown the cause of these differences. A comprehensive study by Ferrari, Driscole, and Diaz-Morales, reported that, "procrastinators have negative feelings about their actual self-concept faculties and self-presentation tactics", and that "they are not pleased by how they view themselves, similar to the perceptions reported by observers of their behaviors" (120). However, the research did not report whether procrastination was the cause or the effect of the negative self-concept. In two studies that involved Turkish students that procrastinated academic tasks, fear of failure was the main reason cited for delaying a task (Ozer, Demir, and Ferrari 245, 251). This would indicate that a low self-esteem is a cause of procrastination. As long as the victim does not start the task, there is no failure, and they won't be the subjects of ridicule. In addition, women sho wed a greater fear of failure that resulted in procrastination than men (Ozer, Demir, and Ferrari 253). This is in line with the female difference that tends to be more avoidant of fear from an early age. A second reason cited by men for procrastinating, rebellion against control, was not a major reason for female avoidance (Ozer, Demir, and Ferrari 253). In addition to these active procrastinators, some people are passive procrastinators. They are victims of themselves and "do not intend to procrastinate, but they often end up postponing tasks because of their inability to make decisions quickly and to thereby act on them quickly" (Chu and Choi 247). Still, poor self-image and a fear of failure are the main reasons driving both male and female procrastination.Laziness may be quantified by the degree to which a person feels entitled to a reward without regards to their productive output. In workplace studies, it has been reported that "women generally earn less than men and report l ess income entitlement than men do" (Ciani, Summers, and Easter 333). From this point of view, men have a greater expectation of entitlement for the same performance or output. Taken to the logical extension, men would be more likely to have someone support them, a spouse, trust fund, or the system, even though society views them as deviant. This is a classical definition of laziness in regards to work, and may generalize to other areas of a person's life. Ciani, Summers, and Easter report that "today's college students are more selfish, superficial, and narcissistic than ever before" (332). These students have been self-inflated throughout grade school and high school, and they enter college with a sense of entitlement to grades, resulting in grade inflation across the country (Ciani, Summers, and Easter 333). Once again, in the academic setting, men were more likely to feel a greater sense of entitlem